中央政府债务，总额（现价本币单位）

指标解释

World Bank official description / 世界银行官方说明

Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Central government is the part of general government that includes all administrative departments of the national executive, legislative, and judicial functions, other central agencies and those non-market producers controlled by the central government, whose competence extends normally over the whole economic territory. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This series is expressed in local currency units.

可供参考的中文翻译：债务是政府在某一特定日期欠他人未偿还的直接定期合同债务的全部存量。它包括国内和国外负债，例如货币和存款、除股票外的其他证券以及贷款。它是政府负债总额减去政府所持有的股权和金融衍生工具的差额。由于债务是存量而非流量，所以要在给定日期（通常为财政年度的最后一天）进行计量。本指标以现价表示，未对时间推移导致的价格变化进行调整。本序列以本币单位计量。

数据口径与风险提示

• 本指标为存量指标，反映某一特定时点（通常为财政年度末）的政府债务总额，而非某一时期的流量变化
• 以本币单位计价，不同国家数据受本币汇率波动和通货膨胀影响，跨国比较需谨慎
• 中央政府债务不含地方政府债务、社会保障基金债务或国有企业负债，可能低估政府整体负债水平
• 债务绝对规模与经济体量相关，规模大国的债务总量自然较高，不宜直接跨国比较
• 数据报告口径可能因国家财政体制差异而有所不同，部分转型经济体数据可得性有限
• 本指标不含或有负债（如担保、隐性负债），实际财政风险可能大于账面数字

中国趋势

全球趋势

每十年变化摘要

2024 年全部国家排名

排名已尽量排除 World、地区组和收入组，仅保留国家参与比较。排名高低应结合指标口径解释。

相关变量组合

这些变量适合与当前指标共同使用，用于论文建模、课程作业和长面板数据整理。