来自联合国机构的净官方流动，UNECE（现价美元）

指标解释

World Bank official description / 世界银行官方说明

Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.

可供参考的中文翻译：来自联合国机构的净官方流量是来自联合国机构官方流量总额的净支付额。官方流动总额是官方发展援助（ODA）或官方援助和其他官方流动（OOF）的总和，代表整个官方部门向受援国提供的支付总额。净支付是赠款和贷款的支付总额减去偿还以往贷款的本金。官方发展援助（ODA）包括以优惠条件提供的贷款（至少具有25%的捐赠成分，以10%的贴现率计算）和旨在促进列入DAC的ODA受援名单中的国家和领地的经济发展和福祉的赠款。官方援助指的是官方捐助者为列入DAC受援名单第二部分的国家和领地提供的援助流量。UNECE（联合国欧洲经济委员会）是联合国机构之一。数据按现价美元计。

数据口径与风险提示

• UNECE是联合国欧洲经济委员会，主要关注欧洲及部分中亚地区的经济合作事务，因此该指标流向集中于特定地理区域
• 世界银行数据显示2018年后全球UNECE净流量骤降至零，可能反映资金分配渠道变化或报告口径调整
• 中国在该指标上无有效记录数据，无法进行中国与世界直接比较
• 该指标仅涵盖UNECE一家机构，不能代表联合国系统整体援华情况
• 净官方流动为支付额减去本金偿还的净值，与Gross口径的支出总额存在差异
• 现价美元计价未消除汇率波动影响，跨国比较需谨慎
• DAC名单第二部分已于2005年废除，历史数据与当前口径存在断裂
• UNECE主要聚焦欧洲区域合作，对亚洲发展中国家直接援助规模相对有限

中国趋势

全球趋势

每十年变化摘要

2017 年全部国家排名

排名已尽量排除 World、地区组和收入组，仅保留国家参与比较。排名高低应结合指标口径解释。

相关变量组合

这些变量适合与当前指标共同使用，用于论文建模、课程作业和长面板数据整理。